Table 3 Comparing employees with a managing position (subgroup 1, n = 116) to employees without managing position (subgroup 2, n = 299)
From: Patient safety culture within a university hospital: feasibility trial
Mean | SD | Median | Min | Max | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9 dimensions concerning a unit or department | ||||||
Manager expectations and actions promoting safety | Subgroup 1 | 4.13 | 0.79 | 4.00 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.81 | 0.84 | 4.00 | 1.00 | 5.00 | |
Organizational learning | Subgroup 1 | 3.88 | 0.71 | 4.00 | 1.67 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.74 | 0.68 | 3.67 | 1.33 | 5.00 | |
Teamwork within hospital units | Subgroup 1 | 3.78 | 0.70 | 3.75 | 1.75 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.50 | 0.70 | 3.50 | 1.25 | 5.00 | |
Communication openness | Subgroup 1 | 3.82 | 0.69 | 4.00 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.64 | 0.75 | 3.67 | 1.00 | 5.00 | |
Feedback and error communication | Subgroup 1 | 3.81 | 0.89 | 4.00 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.61 | 0.89 | 3.67 | 1.00 | 5.00 | |
Non-punitive response to error | Subgroup 1 | 3.55 | 0.85 | 3.67 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.28 | 0.88 | 3.33 | 1.00 | 5.00 | |
Staffing | Subgroup 1 | 2.99 | 0.94 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 2.84 | 0.93 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 5.00 | |
Management support for patient safety | Subgroup 1 | 3.79 | 0.80 | 4.00 | 1.00 | 3.79 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.59 | 0.79 | 3.75 | 1.00 | 3.59 | |
Handoffs and transition within the unit | Subgroup 1 | 3.56 | 0.81 | 3.50 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.60 | 0.74 | 3.75 | 1.00 | 5.00 | |
3 dimensions concerning the hospital | ||||||
Teamwork across hospital units | Subgroup 1 | 3.38 | 0.60 | 3.25 | 1.25 | 4.75 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.34 | 0.57 | 3.25 | 1.75 | 5.00 | |
Handoffs and transition across units | Subgroup 1 | 3.31 | 0.72 | 3.00 | 1.25 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.33 | 0.69 | 3.25 | 1.00 | 5.00 | |
Supervisor expectations and actions promoting safety | Subgroup 1 | 3.66 | 0.91 | 3.67 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.37 | 0.87 | 3.33 | 1.00 | 5.00 | |
3 Outcome measures | ||||||
Frequency of event reporting | Subgroup 1 | 3.60 | 1.04 | 4.00 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.39 | 1.14 | 3.67 | 1.00 | 5.00 | |
Overall perceptions of safety | Subgroup 1 | 3.76 | 0.74 | 3.75 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 3.65 | 0.73 | 3.75 | 1.00 | 5.00 | |
Patient safety in general | Subgroup 1 | 2.32 | 0.75 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
Subgroup 2 | 2.35 | 0.69 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 5.00 | |